(1)某單位一台10t雙shuang粱liang橋qiao式shi起qi重zhong機ji,其qi電dian源yuan指zhi示shi燈deng亮liang,操cao縱zong聯lian動dong台tai指zhi示shi燈deng亮liang,但dan卻que不bu能neng起qi動dong。經jing維wei修xiu人ren員yuan到dao現xian場chang檢jian查zha,發fa現xian從cong司si機ji室shi到dao走zou台tai的de安an全quan門men沒mei有you關guan上shang。當dang維wei修xiu人ren員yuan將jiang安an全quan門men關guan好hao後hou,起qi重zhong機ji的de一yi切qie操cao作zuo正zheng常chang,這zhe就jiu是shi一yi種zhong假jia故gu障zhang。在zai起qi重zhong機ji的de安an全quan保bao護hu中zhong,對dui艙cang口kou門men、司si機ji室shi門men和he檢jian修xiu門men上shang均jun有you一yi個ge門men開kai關guan,當dang起qi重zhong機ji司si機ji或huo維wei修xiu人ren員yuan到dao起qi重zhong機ji上shang進jin行xing檢jian修xiu時shi,必bi須xu打da開kai艙cang口kou門men到dao起qi重zhong機ji走zou台tai上shang,或huo打da開kai檢jian修xiu門men到dao起qi重zhong機ji軌gui道dao梁liang上shang,這zhe時shi打da開kai的de門men上shang電dian器qi開kai關guan的de常chang閉bi觸chu點dian斷duan開kai,電dian氣qi箱xiang的de主zhu接jie觸chu器qi釋shi放fang,進jin而er切qie斷duan起qi重zhong機ji電dian源yuan,使shi起qi重zhong機ji無wu法fa起qi動dong。同tong時shi這zhe種zhong保bao護hu使shi檢jian修xiu人ren員yuan免mian受shou橋qiao架jia上shang小xiao車che滑hua線xian帶dai電dian的de威wei脅xie,也ye可ke防fang止zhi他ta人ren起qi動dong開kai車che傷shang及ji檢jian修xiu人ren員yuan。可ke見jian安an全quan門men開kai關guan的de保bao護hu作zuo用yong非fei常chang必bi要yao。
(2)一台10t雙梁橋式起重機ji的de供gong電dian正zheng常chang,各ge安an全quan門men關guan閉bi完wan好hao,但dan無wu法fa起qi動dong。經jing維wei修xiu人ren員yuan現xian場chang檢jian查zha,發fa現xian起qi升sheng控kong製zhi凸tu輪lun沒mei有you很hen好hao地di回hui零ling,即ji凸tu輪lun的de零ling點dian標biao誌zhi雖sui在zai零ling的de位wei置zhi上shang,但dan零ling位wei保bao護hu觸chu點dian沒mei有you接jie觸chu上shang。因yin為wei這zhe是shi一yi台tai使shi用yong多duo年nian的de起qi重zhong機ji,其qi觸chu點dian彈dan力li減jian弱ruo,產chan生sheng有you時shi接jie觸chu不bu上shang的de假jia故gu障zhang。將jiang觸chu點dian更geng換huan為wei新xin的de,不bu起qi動dong問wen題ti得de到dao解jie決jue。從cong凸tu輪lun控kong製zhi器qi的de結jie構gou可ke知zhi,隻zhi有you在zai各ge控kong製zhi器qi手shou柄bing置zhi於yu零ling位wei時shi,起qi升sheng、小車和大車控製器的零位觸頭才閉合。而在其它任何工作位置(即非零位置)時,都處於斷開位置。因此,當任何一控製器手柄不在零位(或零位觸點沒有閉合)shi,qizhongjizhuhuilujiubunengjietong,qizhongjiyewufaqidong。zhejiufangzhileyouyumouzhongyuanyinshoubingweihuilingwei,erzaizhiyugongzuoweizhiqingkuangxiazhongxinqidongshi,fashengjigouturandongzuodeweixianshigu。zhejiushiqizhongjidelingweibaohuzuoyong。
(3)一台10t雙梁橋式起重機,其電源、安(an)全(quan)門(men)及(ji)操(cao)縱(zong)手(shou)柄(bing)位(wei)置(zhi)都(dou)正(zheng)常(chang),但(dan)按(an)起(qi)動(dong)電(dian)鈕(niu)不(bu)能(neng)起(qi)動(dong)。維(wei)修(xiu)人(ren)員(yuan)到(dao)現(xian)場(chang)檢(jian)查(zha),強(qiang)行(xing)對(dui)主(zhu)接(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)起(qi)動(dong),運(yun)行(xing)正(zheng)常(chang)。但(dan)在(zai)按(an)停(ting)止(zhi)按(an)鈕(niu)時(shi)接(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)不(bu)能(neng)斷(duan)開(kai),而(er)按(an)起(qi)動(dong)按(an)鈕(niu)時(shi)接(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)卻(que)斷(duan)開(kai)了(le)。再(zai)按(an)停(ting)止(zhi)按(an)鈕(niu),主(zhu)接(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)起(qi)動(dong)正(zheng)常(chang),說(shuo)明(ming)起(qi)動(dong)按(an)鈕(niu)和(he)停(ting)止(zhi)按(an)鈕(niu)接(jie)反(fan)了(le)。這(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)維(wei)修(xiu)人(ren)員(yuan)沒(mei)有(you)交(jiao)待(dai)清(qing)楚(chu)所(suo)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)假(jia)故(gu)障(zhang)。
(4)一台10t雙梁橋式起重機,起吊能力下降,隻能吊起5t多的重物。經幾次維修都認為是電氣部分老化造成的。但檢查電氣部分中,從電源的進戶到控製器,線徑大小符合標準;各接觸器觸點完好;凸輪控製器的主觸點也完好;主鉤電阻器接線無誤,接線良好;主(zhu)鉤(gou)電(dian)機(ji)接(jie)線(xian)正(zheng)確(que),轉(zhuan)子(zi)電(dian)刷(shua)良(liang)好(hao),電(dian)機(ji)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)聲(sheng)響(xiang)正(zheng)常(chang),說(shuo)明(ming)故(gu)障(zhang)不(bu)在(zai)電(dian)氣(qi)部(bu)分(fen)。在(zai)檢(jian)查(zha)機(ji)械(xie)部(bu)分(fen)時(shi),發(fa)現(xian)主(zhu)鉤(gou)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)磨(mo)損(sun)較(jiao)大(da),打(da)開(kai)小(xiao)車(che)架(jia)上(shang)的(de)定(ding)滑(hua)輪(lun)罩(zhao),看(kan)到(dao)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)不(bu)在(zai)滑(hua)輪(lun)上(shang),已(yi)掉(diao)在(zai)滑(hua)輪(lun)軸(zhou)上(shang),並(bing)發(fa)現(xian)滑(hua)輪(lun)輪(lun)緣(yuan)有(you)缺(que)口(kou)。換(huan)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)新(xin)滑(hua)輪(lun),同(tong)時(shi)更(geng)換(huan)了(le)新(xin)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng),結(jie)果(guo)試(shi)車(che)吊(diao)10t重物正常。
對(dui)此(ci)故(gu)障(zhang)現(xian)象(xiang),一(yi)般(ban)檢(jian)修(xiu)經(jing)驗(yan)多(duo)在(zai)電(dian)氣(qi)部(bu)分(fen),如(ru)線(xian)徑(jing)不(bu)夠(gou),主(zhu)觸(chu)點(dian)接(jie)觸(chu)不(bu)好(hao),電(dian)阻(zu)器(qi)接(jie)線(xian)有(you)誤(wu)等(deng)都(dou)會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)起(qi)吊(diao)能(neng)力(li)降(jiang)低(di),所(suo)以(yi)多(duo)次(ci)檢(jian)修(xiu)都(dou)在(zai)電(dian)氣(qi)部(bu)分(fen)著(zhe)手(shou),但(dan)這(zhe)個(ge)假(jia)故(gu)障(zhang)被(bei)定(ding)滑(hua)輪(lun)防(fang)護(hu)罩(zhao)所(suo)遮(zhe)擋(dang),使(shi)檢(jian)修(xiu)走(zou)了(le)彎(wan)路(lu)。這(zhe)也(ye)說(shuo)明(ming),起重設備是機電一體的,電氣部分與機械部分是不可分的,隻要細心檢查,全麵觀察,一些假故障是能識別的。