傑夫.荷頓(英):吊裝設備工程師協會(LEEA)主席
在zai涉she及ji到dao高gao架jia起qi重zhong吊diao裝zhuang作zuo業ye任ren務wu時shi,人ren們men通tong常chang隻zhi關guan注zhu那na些xie最zui複fu雜za和he最zui昂ang貴gui的de主zhu機ji設she備bei,而er往wang往wang忽hu略lve了le起qi重zhong主zhu鉤gou以yi下xia這zhe一yi部bu分fen的de作zuo業ye設she備bei。可ke是shi,若ruo想xiang確que保bao起qi重zhong吊diao裝zhuang作zuo業ye過guo程cheng的de安an全quan與yu高gao效xiao,我wo們men無wu法fa忽hu視shi那na些xie看kan上shang去qu再zai普pu通tong不bu過guo的de部bu分fen——吊索具設備(也可稱為吊裝附件),yinweizheleizhujifushulianjieshebeideshiyongshijiqichangjiande。danshi,womenbunengyincierhulveqizaiqizhongdiaozhuangzuoyeguochengzhongsuoqidaodeguanjianzuoyong。xianzaihenduoqishiyedanweihezuzhisuoyudaodetongbingshi,bunengduidiaosuojushebeishiyongdejibenguifanyaoqiuyuyichongfendeguanzhuhezhongshi,zhejiyouzhuguanyinsudeyingxiang,youyoukeguanyinsudeyingxiang。suoxingdeshi,zhiyaonengzaizhefangmianhuafeigengduoyixiedeshijianhejingli,baokuorenliwulihecaili,dounenggouyouxiaotigaoqizhongdiaozhuangzuoyedeanquanshuipinghegongzuoxiaolv。
diaosuojushebeiyinweiguanxidaofuhewuzaizuoyeguochengzhongnengfouxijinbingbaozhenganquanerxiandefeichangzhongyao。ruguobuchuxianfuhewuguozaihuodiaosuojucuowushiyongdeweixianqingkuang,zhenggezuoyexitong(如起重機)發(fa)生(sheng)安(an)全(quan)事(shi)故(gu)的(de)風(feng)險(xian)相(xiang)對(dui)而(er)言(yan)還(hai)是(shi)很(hen)低(di)的(de)。但(dan)是(shi),吊(diao)索(suo)具(ju)設(she)備(bei)這(zhe)部(bu)分(fen)在(zai)每(mei)次(ci)使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)還(hai)是(shi)容(rong)易(yi)受(shou)到(dao)損(sun)壞(huai)的(de),因(yin)為(wei)它(ta)一(yi)般(ban)都(dou)需(xu)要(yao)通(tong)過(guo)纏(chan)繞(rao)或(huo)是(shi)穿(chuan)繞(rao)的(de)方(fang)式(shi)來(lai)接(jie)觸(chu)並(bing)係(xi)緊(jin)負(fu)荷(he)物(wu),這(zhe)樣(yang)吊(diao)索(suo)具(ju)難(nan)免(mian)會(hui)和(he)負(fu)荷(he)物(wu)發(fa)生(sheng)摩(mo)擦(ca)損(sun)壞(huai)。不(bu)僅(jin)如(ru)此(ci),當(dang)吊(diao)索(suo)具(ju)的(de)分(fen)肢(zhi)處(chu)於(yu)非(fei)豎(shu)直(zhi)方(fang)向(xiang)受(shou)力(li)狀(zhuang)態(tai)時(shi),其(qi)實(shi)際(ji)負(fu)載(zai)能(neng)力(li)(WLL)jiangxianzhuxiajiang,zhegengzengdalediaosuojuyouyucaozuobudangerdaozhishebeisunhuaishenzhishixianchangzuoyeshixiaodekeneng,zhejiangzhijieyingxiangdaodangxiayijixiayicizuoyedeanquanxing。
shixianzuoyejihuadekaolvbuzhouhuoduiyuqianzaianquanfengxiandezhunbeibuzuchangchangfanyingzaidiaosuojujiqilianjiefujiandecuowushiyonghewucaozuoshang。mianduiyixiekunnanjiaodadeqizhongdiaozhuangzuoyerenwu,youxiegongsihuoyouxierenweitushengshizongshicunzaijiaoxingxinli,shitujiangjiushiyongputongyongtudediaosuojuerbushiquxiangzhuanyerenyuanhuojigouxunqiugengzhuanyehuadezuoyejiejuefangan。yucixingchengduizhaodeshi,zhuanmenzhenduifuhewutedianhejutizuoyexingzhiershejizhizaodediaosuojushebeibujinkeyibaozhangzuoyeanquan,gengnengtigaozuoyexiaolv。zhongfuduocixiangtongzuoyerenwushi,xiaolvwentigengtuchu,nengfoutigongzhuanyejishufuwuxiandegengjiazhongyao。
tiqianzuohaochongfenzhunbeikeyicongyuantoushangbimianzaochengbuqiadangshiyongdiaosuojushebeidewenti。biru,huayixieshijianduidiaosuojudeanquanshiyongzuohaozhidaohetiaowenguiding,baokuofuhewudezishentedianhezuoyeshebeidezhengqueshiyongfangfadeng。lingwai,diaosuojushebeidegoumaifangyeyingtiqianmingquegaozhidiaosuojushebeidegongyingfangqizuoyehuanjingzhongyouzenyangdebuliyinsu。
考慮到很多情況下吊索具設備的使用環境都很嚴苛,購買安全可靠的優質產品是有好處的。從這個意義上說,學習和了解歐洲協調標準(CEN)對於吊索具設備采購使用等工作是很有幫助的。符合CEN相關標準的產品同時可被視為符合歐洲機械指令中有關人員健康與安全的重要要求。具體到吊索具設備,條款EN13155:2003起重機—安全—feigudingshiqizhonglianjiejianshiyuzhizhijiexiangguande。chuputongyongtudediaosuojuyiwai,cifanchouyebaokuoqitarenhekeyixuanguadaoqizhongzhugoushangdeshebei。ruguobulejieouzhouxietiaobiaozhun,goumaifangkeyimingqueshuomingyuqixiangguandeguobiaobiaozhun。
顯xian而er易yi見jian的de是shi,以yi上shang這zhe些xie強qiang製zhi性xing規gui定ding如ru果guo貫guan徹che得de當dang,這zhe在zai一yi定ding程cheng度du上shang可ke以yi保bao證zheng吊diao索suo具ju設she備bei的de安an全quan高gao效xiao操cao作zuo。而er且qie進jin一yi步bu講jiang,當dang購gou進jin設she備bei後hou,依yi據ju吊diao裝zhuang設she備bei和he吊diao裝zhuang作zuo業ye管guan理li規gui定ding(LOLER)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)還(hai)應(ying)針(zhen)對(dui)具(ju)體(ti)設(she)備(bei)製(zhi)定(ding)安(an)全(quan)檢(jian)驗(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)操(cao)作(zuo)程(cheng)序(xu)等(deng)規(gui)章(zhang)製(zhi)度(du)並(bing)定(ding)期(qi)進(jin)行(xing)全(quan)麵(mian)檢(jian)驗(yan)。同(tong)樣(yang)地(di),這(zhe)一(yi)類(lei)全(quan)麵(mian)性(xing)檢(jian)驗(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)還(hai)要(yao)輔(fu)以(yi)經(jing)常(chang)性(xing)的(de)設(she)備(bei)在(zai)用(yong)檢(jian)驗(yan)以(yi)強(qiang)化(hua)設(she)備(bei)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)安(an)全(quan)保(bao)障(zhang)。由(you)於(yu)吊(diao)索(suo)具(ju)設(she)備(bei)及(ji)其(qi)上(shang)的(de)連(lian)接(jie)件(jian)很(hen)容(rong)易(yi)損(sun)壞(huai)而(er)又(you)起(qi)到(dao)了(le)承(cheng)重(zhong)的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)作(zuo)用(yong),因(yin)此(ci)必(bi)須(xu)在(zai)每(mei)次(ci)使(shi)用(yong)後(hou)都(dou)進(jin)行(xing)例(li)行(xing)檢(jian)驗(yan)。如(ru)果(guo)發(fa)現(xian)任(ren)何(he)可(ke)能(neng)影(ying)響(xiang)其(qi)安(an)全(quan)性(xing)能(neng)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)或(huo)存(cun)在(zai)疑(yi)慮(lv),請(qing)立(li)即(ji)將(jiang)其(qi)撤(che)下(xia)後(hou)作(zuo)細(xi)致(zhi)的(de)安(an)全(quan)評(ping)估(gu),或(huo)進(jin)行(xing)維(wei)修(xiu)或(huo)直(zhi)接(jie)作(zuo)報(bao)廢(fei)處(chu)理(li)。
在(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)形(xing)勢(shi)不(bu)好(hao)的(de)時(shi)候(hou),人(ren)們(men)很(hen)容(rong)易(yi)選(xuan)擇(ze)削(xue)減(jian)各(ge)方(fang)麵(mian)的(de)費(fei)用(yong)支(zhi)出(chu),這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)很(hen)自(zi)然(ran)的(de)。然(ran)而(er),涉(she)及(ji)到(dao)吊(diao)索(suo)具(ju)設(she)備(bei)的(de)選(xuan)用(yong)和(he)采(cai)購(gou)時(shi),因(yin)為(wei)牽(qian)扯(che)到(dao)安(an)全(quan)責(ze)任(ren)問(wen)題(ti),即(ji)使(shi)是(shi)質(zhi)量(liang)稍(shao)稍(shao)好(hao)一(yi)些(xie)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)在(zai)基(ji)本(ben)的(de)安(an)全(quan)保(bao)障(zhang)度(du)上(shang)也(ye)要(yao)好(hao)很(hen)多(duo)。在(zai)各(ge)個(ge)行(xing)業(ye)中(zhong),因(yin)為(wei)吊(diao)索(suo)具(ju)設(she)備(bei)選(xuan)擇(ze)不(bu)當(dang)而(er)造(zao)成(cheng)時(shi)間(jian)和(he)金(jin)錢(qian)無(wu)謂(wei)浪(lang)費(fei)的(de)現(xian)象(xiang)比(bi)較(jiao)普(pu)遍(bian),而(er)事(shi)實(shi)證(zheng)明(ming)很(hen)多(duo)發(fa)生(sheng)的(de)安(an)全(quan)責(ze)任(ren)事(shi)故(gu)都(dou)與(yu)其(qi)有(you)直(zhi)接(jie)或(huo)間(jian)接(jie)的(de)關(guan)係(xi)。普(pu)通(tong)甚(shen)至(zhi)是(shi)質(zhi)量(liang)低(di)劣(lie)的(de)設(she)備(bei)產(chan)品(pin)根(gen)本(ben)無(wu)法(fa)滿(man)足(zu)現(xian)如(ru)今(jin)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)嚴(yan)謹(jin)化(hua)和(he)專(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)的(de)作(zuo)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)趨(qu)勢(shi)要(yao)求(qiu)。人(ren)員(yuan)生(sheng)命(ming)和(he)財(cai)產(chan)的(de)安(an)全(quan)事(shi)關(guan)重(zhong)大(da),尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)在(zai)高(gao)架(jia)起(qi)重(zhong)吊(diao)裝(zhuang)作(zuo)業(ye)這(zhe)樣(yang)一(yi)個(ge)帶(dai)有(you)極(ji)高(gao)安(an)全(quan)風(feng)險(xian)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)下(xia),我(wo)們(men)要(yao)予(yu)以(yi)更(geng)多(duo)的(de)關(guan)注(zhu)。越(yue)是(shi)在(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)走(zou)勢(shi)下(xia)行(xing)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)下(xia),越(yue)要(yao)我(wo)們(men)強(qiang)化(hua)安(an)全(quan)意(yi)識(shi)和(he)加(jia)強(qiang)對(dui)於(yu)風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)理(li)規(gui)章(zhang)製(zhi)度(du)的(de)貫(guan)徹(che)執(zhi)行(xing)。
譯者:Eric Yang,GLE通運吊裝工程技術有限公司,聯係郵箱:。