論變頻調速泵在消防中的運用

我(wo)國(guo)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)化(hua)率(lv)逐(zhu)年(nian)提(ti)高(gao)
，城(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)設(she)高(gao)樓(lou)林(lin)立(li)，隨(sui)之(zhi)消(xiao)防(fang)工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)也(ye)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)受(shou)到(dao)社(she)會(hui)各(ge)界(jie)的(de)廣(guang)泛(fan)關(guan)注(zhu)。在(zai)當(dang)前(qian)水(shui)消(xiao)防(fang)中(zhong)變(bian)頻(pin)調(tiao)速(su)泵(beng)技(ji)術(shu)得(de)到(dao)了(le)廣(guang)泛(fan)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)。其(qi)變(bian)頻(pin)範(fan)圍(wei)較(jiao)廣(guang)能(neng)夠(gou)滿(man)足(zu)不(bu)同(tong)消(xiao)防(fang)環(huan)境(jing)下(xia)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)。本(ben)文(wen)將(jiang)對(dui)變(bian)頻(pin)調(tiao)速(su)泵(beng)在(zai)水(shui)消(xiao)防(fang)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)進(jin)行(xing)探(tan)討(tao)和(he)分(fen)析(xi)。

1 變頻調速泵概述

dangqiangaocengjianzhubuduanzengduo
，jianzhuxiaofangwentichengweishehuibijiaoguanzhudewenti，bianpinhengyazidonggongshuiyouyuqiyouliangdexingnengdedaoguangfandeshiyong。zidonggongshuikongzhixitongnenggoutongguoyalichuanganqicaijiguanwangchengshouyalishuju，jiangqizhuanhuanchengkekongxinhaojinxingzidonghuadebianpinkongzhi。tongguozhezhongxitongshejinenggoushibianpinhengyashuixitongdaitishuitahegaocengshuixianglaiweijianzhushuixiaofangtigongshuiyuan，youxiaotigaojianzhuxiaofangdexiaolvhezhiliang。lingwaibianpintiaosushuibenghaodianlianghedianjidezhuansudelifangchengzhengbilideguanxi
，gubianpintiaosushuibengnenghaojiaodi
，jienengxiaoguoshifenmingxian，bianpintiaosushuibenghaodianliangbiputonggongshuifangfazhishaojiesheng35%。變bian頻pin調tiao速su水shui泵beng結jie合he可ke編bian程cheng控kong製zhi器qi使shi用yong，能neng夠gou實shi現xian水shui泵beng的de循xun環huan變bian頻pin以yi及ji電dian動dong機ji的de軟ruan啟qi動dong，延yan長chang設she備bei的de使shi用yong時shi間jian
，並bing能neng夠gou使shi係xi統tong工gong作zuo的de穩wen定ding性xing大da大da提ti高gao。在zai消xiao防fang給gei水shui中zhong對dui穩wen壓ya泵beng以yi及ji在zai消xiao防fang泵beng巡xun檢jian時shi最zui好hao采cai用yong變bian頻pin控kong製zhi，但dan在zai消xiao防fang泵beng滅mie火huo控kong製zhi中zhong應ying采cai用yong直zhi接jie啟qi動dong或huo降jiang壓ya啟qi動dong控kong製zhi方fang式shi。

2 變頻調速泵在消防中的運用分析

2.1 水消防中變頻調速泵應用分析

通tong常chang的de消xiao防fang給gei水shui係xi統tong之zhi中zhong
，消xiao防fang係xi統tong管guan網wang主zhu要yao由you增zeng壓ya和he穩wen壓ya泵beng進jin行xing穩wen壓ya，使shi消xiao防fang係xi統tong保bao持chi消xiao防fang水shui壓ya的de準zhun備bei狀zhuang態tai，以yi保bao證zheng係xi統tong能neng夠gou及ji時shi應ying對dui突tu發fa的de火huo災zai。若ruo建jian築zhu物wu發fa生sheng火huo災zai時shi
，技ji術shu人ren員yuan啟qi動dong變bian頻pin調tiao速su消xiao防fang泵beng就jiu可ke以yi及ji時shi提ti供gong能neng夠gou消xiao防fang用yong水shui的de壓ya力li和he水shui流liu量liang的de建jian築zhu消xiao防fang用yong水shui。根gen據ju我wo國guo消xiao防fang相xiang關guan規gui範fan，水shui消xiao防fang工gong作zuo時shi間jian最zui長chang情qing況kuang下xia以yi2.5小xiao時shi為wei限xian
，係xi統tong的de消xiao防fang泵beng耗hao能neng亦yi需xu要yao加jia以yi考kao慮lv。消xiao防fang泵beng應ying設she有you備bei用yong泵beng，備bei用yong泵beng應ying不bu小xiao於yu任ren一yi台tai主zhu消xiao防fang泵beng。由you多duo泵beng並bing聯lian恒heng壓ya供gong水shui理li論lun
，多duo泵beng並bing聯lian恒heng壓ya供gong水shui，變bian頻pin調tiao速su泵beng必bi須xu是shi其qi中zhong最zui大da的de一yi台tai泵beng，其qi餘yu並bing聯lian泵beng自zi動dong投tou入ru或huo超chao出chu是shi由you變bian頻pin控kong製zhi器qi按an用yong水shui流liu量liang變bian化hua自zi動dong控kong製zhi的de。如ru果guo變bian頻pin泵beng故gu障zhang可ke能neng會hui導dao致zhi變bian頻pin器qi跳tiao閘zha
，使shi全quan部bu消xiao防fang泵beng停ting泵beng。從cong這zhe一yi點dian考kao慮lv，消xiao防fang泵beng采cai用yong變bian頻pin調tiao速su會hui降jiang低di消xiao防fang供gong水shui的de可ke靠kao性xing
，不bu宜yi在zai水shui消xiao防fang係xi統tong中zhong應ying用yong。三san相xiang電dian機ji對dui轉zhuan動dong速su度du的de調tiao節jie方fang式shi有you多duo種zhong手shou段duan，例li如ru利li用yong交jiao流liu電dian頻pin率lv的de調tiao節jie

、電dian機ji轉zhuan子zi極ji數shu和he轉zhuan動dong差cha率lv的de調tiao整zheng來lai實shi現xian轉zhuan速su的de調tiao整zheng。通tong常chang技ji術shu人ren員yuan通tong過guo對dui電dian機ji極ji數shu調tiao整zheng來lai調tiao節jie電dian動dong機ji轉zhuan速su，在zai以yi前qian的de水shui消xiao防fang係xi統tong中zhong利li用yong頻pin率lv對dui轉zhuan機ji速su度du進jin行xing調tiao整zheng比bi較jiao少shao見jian。伴ban隨sui著zhe電dian力li電dian子zi係xi統tong
、xinxikexuedekuaisufazhan
，bianpinkongzhijishuduanjinbuhefazhan
，yanjiurenyuanliyongshuixiaofangxitongzhongtiaozhengshuibengdianyuandejiaoliudianpinlvtiaosunenggoudadaotigaoshuixiaofangxitonggongshuixiaolvhejiangdixitongdenenghao，bianpintiaosubengzaishuixiaofangxitongzhongdedaoleguangfandeyingyong。

2.2 消防給水係統中變頻調速泵控製分析

當前水消防中變頻調速泵得到了廣泛的應用。在變頻調速泵中控製方式較多，主要有以下幾種方式：

(1)jidianjiechuqikongzhi。zheshicaozuozuiweijiandandekongzhifangshi。genjuxiaofangtiaojianhuowaijiehuanjingdebianhua，genjumodianjishu，keyiliyongjidianjiechuqiduishuibengdiandongjideyunzhuanjinxinglaidadaobianpindemude。

(2)數shu字zi電dian路lu控kong製zhi。數shu字zi電dian路lu對dui變bian頻pin調tiao速su泵beng的de控kong製zhi電dian路lu固gu定ding在zai變bian頻pin狀zhuang態tai
，其qi他ta的de供gong水shui泵beng均jun處chu在zai工gong作zuo頻pin段duan狀zhuang態tai。其qi控kong製zhi方fang法fa比bi較jiao新xin穎ying和he先xian進jin，但dan是shi供gong水shui水shui泵beng組zu全quan部bu進jin行xing軟ruan啟qi動dong、全流量的頻率變化調節不能通過這種方式進行控製。故其控製的精度比較低
、水泵在切換的時候壓力波動較大、調tiao試shi相xiang對dui會hui較jiao為wei麻ma煩fan
，工gong頻pin泵beng在zai起qi動dong的de時shi候hou抗kang衝chong擊ji和he抗kang雜za波bo幹gan擾rao的de能neng力li比bi較jiao弱ruo。這zhe種zhong控kong製zhi方fang式shi的de係xi統tong造zao價jia較jiao低di。當dang消xiao防fang節jie水shui管guan網wang的de壓ya力li下xia降jiang到dao規gui定ding閾yu值zhi時shi，通tong過guo壓ya力li傳chuan感gan器qi傳chuan送song出chu水shui壓ya信xin號hao並bing自zi主zhu啟qi動dong穩wen壓ya泵beng來lai對dui消xiao防fang管guan網wang進jin行xing補bu水shui加jia壓ya作zuo業ye，當dang官guan網wang的de壓ya力li達da到dao最zui大da閾yu值zhi時shi時shi自zi動dong停ting止zhi供gong水shui。技ji術shu人ren員yuan可ke以yi依yi據ju作zuo業ye現xian場chang情qing況kuang來lai進jin行xing消xiao防fang中zhong心xin聯lian動dong接jie口kou的de係xi統tong設she置zhi
，消xiao防fang中zhong心xin消xiao火huo栓shuan按an鈕niu啟qi動dong發fa出chu火huo警jing信xin號hao後hou，電dian控kong係xi統tong自zi動dong啟qi動dong變bian頻pin消xiao防fang主zhu泵beng進jin行xing滅mie火huo作zuo業ye。

(3)jichengdianlukongzhi。liyongdanpianjihuoqitajichengdianlujinxingshuixiaofangbianpinshuibengdepinlvkongzhi，qikongzhixiaoguoyaohaoyuyuluojidianzidianlu，danzaibutongquyujiandeguanwang
、butonggongshuifangshixiatiaoshiheweihuxiangduimafan。youyukongzhichengxuyuxianshaoluzaikongzhixinpianzhizhong，dangjinxingxitongshengjihuozengjiagongnengshi
，jiuxuyaozhongxinduidianlubanjinxinggenghuanhuoxiugai，jishurenyuanxuyaozhongxinjinxingxitongchengxudeshezhi，guzhezhongkongzhifangshibianjiexingshaocha
，lingwaijichengdianlukongzhidekekaoxinghekangganraonenglibunengmanzufuzahuanjingxiadebianpintiaosubengdekongzhi。xitongzhong，shuibengqiduixiaofanggongshuibuyadezuoyong，laimanzuxiaofangdanweiduigongshuisuoxuyalidexuqiu。zhunengguankeyizhucunbingjieshoulaizizilaishuiguanwangdenengliang，hainengqidaozaiqibengshijianqingduiguanwangyingxiangdezuoyong。yalichuanganqiyongyujieshouyonghuguanwangyalixinxi
，kongzhishuibengzhuansu。nengliangtiaojieyijieshouzilaishuiguanwangdeyalixinxi，tiaojiekongzhishuibengchongfenliyongguanwangnengliang，bimianduiguanwangdepohuaiheyingxiang。kongzhiguiyonglaijieshouyalichuanganqidexinxibingjingguokexuedechulihoulaikongzhibianpintiaosushuibengdezuoye。qizhongshebeihexinbujianshinengliangtiaojieyi，qizishenyongyou3個可供任意設值的壓力數值，通過和自來水管網壓力數值相交產生4個ge壓ya力li測ce量liang點dian。監jian測ce管guan網wang壓ya力li情qing況kuang由you能neng量liang調tiao節jie儀yi時shi刻ke檢jian測ce和he數shu據ju收shou集ji。每mei監jian測ce到dao相xiang關guan數shu值zhi都dou需xu做zuo出chu科ke學xue的de判pan斷duan，並bing需xu將jiang判pan斷duan的de數shu據ju結jie果guo傳chuan到dao主zhu機ji組zu的de變bian頻pin控kong製zhi係xi統tong
，能neng夠gou達da到dao自zi動dong補bu壓ya的de目mu的de。

2.3 消防給水中不同分布形式下的變頻調速泵的應用

在變頻調速泵的應用中當某小區僅使用加壓泵房， liyongshuibengjinxingjizhongjiayalaixiangxiaoquneidejianzhuwujinxinggongshui。yizhaoshenghuoshuibenghexiaofangshuibengshifouzhengchanggongzuolaiquedingzheliangzhongguanwangshifoujinxingfenkaishezhiheguanwangdebuzhi。xiaofangxitongxubaozhengzhenggexiaoquzhishaoyouwanzhengdexiaofanggongshuixitong， 利用變頻調速消防泵將消防用水輸至小區內每棟建築內的消防管網， 每幢建築物至少在屋頂有一個屋頂水箱

， 水箱裏必須存儲初期消防用水。變頻調速泵的變頻器內部利用集成方式時
，其能夠將PID和PLC的功能以集成的方式結合到變頻調速泵的變頻器之內，構成麵向應用的控製變頻器。因為PID運算在之前已經固化到變頻器的內部，省略掉了對PLC的編程設計和對PID的設計，並且PID的參數在線調試時相對較為容易。內置的PIDtiaojieqiliyongyouhuasuanfanenggoubaozhengshuixiaofangzhongdeshuiyatiaojiebaochizaipinghuahewendingdezhuangtai。zaishuixiaofangbianpinbengzhongbaozhengguanwangshuiyafankuidexinhaoshuzhishifouzhunquejiuxuyaoduiqishezhilvboshijiandechangshu，tongshihaixuduixitongfankuidexinhaoshuzhijinxingkexuedehuansuan，shixiaofangxitongtiaoshihezuoyecaozuobijiaojiandan

、方便。采用內置PIDgongnengdebianpinqishengchanchudehengyagongshuishebei，nenggoujiangdishebeichengben
，bingjieshenganzhuangtiaoshishijian。ciwai
，zhenduichuantongdebianpintiaosugongshuishebeidebuzuzhichu，youxiechanpinshejicaiyonglebianpintiaosuhezhinengkongzhijishu，yinciduodianpingzhijiegaoyabianpinqi、模糊控製器等器件得到了應用。如采用多電平的高壓變頻器，能夠實現高效率的功率輸入、輸出、高品質因數和係統持續穩定的運行。利用模糊控製器能夠最大限度地適應被控係統的變化，達到精度高
、響應快、控製規律簡單的控製目的。調速水泵轉速調節不能任意進行調節。調速水泵需要保持在一定的揚程， zhuansukenengjiangdidefudubuhuitaida，dangbengtiaosufanweichaochushixitongnanyibaozhenggaoxiaodegongzuo，dangxitongchangshijianyunxingshihuizaochengjiaodadenengyuanlangfei。gushuibengdeshejigongkuangdianyaojinliangmanzuqizaigaoxiaotiaosufanweineigongzuo。tongguokexuedeshejibaozhengbianpintiaosubengzaishuixiaofangzhongfahuizuidadezuoyong。

結語

隨sui著zhe科ke學xue技ji術shu的de快kuai速su發fa展zhan，水shui消xiao防fang中zhong變bian頻pin調tiao速su泵beng頻pin率lv控kong製zhi的de方fang式shi和he技ji術shu手shou段duan都dou在zai不bu斷duan增zeng加jia。在zai變bian頻pin調tiao速su泵beng中zhong通tong過guo科ke學xue的de控kong製zhi能neng夠gou有you效xiao提ti高gao其qi工gong作zuo效xiao率lv和he降jiang低di能neng耗hao，保bao證zheng消xiao防fang係xi統tong在zai最zui優you化hua的de情qing況kuang下xia工gong作zuo。