工程施工機械管理維護問題與對策分析

 

    suizhewoguojingjishehuidebuduanfazhanhekexuejishudebuduanjinbu
，daliangxiandaihuadedaxinggongchengjixieshebeiyuelaiyueduodeyingyongdaolegongchengshigongguochengzhong
，duigongchengshigongqiyelaishuo，gongchengshigongjixiedeguanliheweihuwentichengweileguanlizhongdezhongyaoneirong，gongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuobujinzhijieguanxidaolegongchengxiangmudeshigongzhiliang
，haiyingxiangdaolegongchengshigongqiyedeguanliweihuchengbenhejingjixiaoyi
，yinci工程施工企業的機械設備管理工作非常重要，管理水平亟待提高，必須得到重視。

 

    工程機械管理的重要性和意義

 

    gongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuobulunduiyushehuianquanwendinghaishiduiyushigongqiyedeweilaifazhandoujuyoufeichangzhongyaodexianshiyiyi。shouxian，zaidaxinggongchengxiangmuzhongcaiyongdegongchengshigongjixieyouyugefangmiandeyuanyin，jingchanghuichuxiangezhongshigu
，huiduirenmendeshengmingcaichananquandailailehendadeanquanyinhuan，tongguojiaqianggongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuo
，jingchangduigongchengshigongjixieshebeijinxingweixiuhebaoyang，quebaoqianquankekaodeyunxing，nenggoudafududejianxiaoshigongguochengzhongdeshigufashenglv，tigaogongchengshigonganquandu。qici，jiaqiangduiyugongchengshigongjixieshebeiguanligongzuo
，keyiyouxiaotigaogongchengshigongdeshigongzhiliangshuiping，baozhenggezhongdaxinggongchengdezhengchanganquanshiyong，duiyubaozhangshehuianquanwendingyeyouyidingdecujinzuoyong。ciwai，zuohaogongchengshigongjixieshebeiguanligongzuo

，keyiyouxiaotigaogongchengshigongjixieshebeideliyongxiaolv，jiangdishigongqiyedeyunyingchengbenheweihuchengben，duiyutigaogongchengshigongqiyedejingjixiaoyihejingzhengli，cujinqiyegengkuaigenghaodifazhanyeyoufeichangzhongyaodecujinzuoyong。zongtilaishuo
，gongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuobulunduiyushehuifazhanhaishiduiyushigongqiyedeweilaifazhandoushifeichangzhongyaode。

 

    工程機械管理存在的問題

 

    zaiwoguojingjishehuidekuaisufazhanguochengzhong，yongxianchulailedapidegongchengshigongqiye，yuelaiyueduodegongchengshigongjixieshebeitourudaoshigongxiangmuzhongqu，youciyedailailegezhonggeyangdewenti，gongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuojidaiguifanhezhongshi。

 

    2.1工程機械設備管理比較混亂

 

    工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)比(bi)較(jiao)複(fu)雜(za)，要(yao)做(zuo)好(hao)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)必(bi)須(xu)建(jian)立(li)完(wan)善(shan)的(de)管(guan)理(li)體(ti)製(zhi)，明(ming)確(que)相(xiang)關(guan)責(ze)任(ren)主(zhu)體(ti)
，確(que)保(bao)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)責(ze)任(ren)落(luo)實(shi)到(dao)人(ren)。而(er)大(da)多(duo)數(shu)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)對(dui)於(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)的(de)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)都(dou)不(bu)夠(gou)重(zhong)視(shi)
，管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)比(bi)較(jiao)混(hun)亂(luan)，主(zhu)要(yao)表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)並(bing)沒(mei)有(you)建(jian)立(li)專(zhuan)門(men)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)管(guan)理(li)機(ji)構(gou)，相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)管(guan)理(li)製(zhi)度(du)和(he)規(gui)範(fan)也(ye)沒(mei)有(you)完(wan)善(shan)，在(zai)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)和(he)保(bao)養(yang)等(deng)方(fang)麵(mian)未(wei)建(jian)立(li)比(bi)較(jiao)詳(xiang)細(xi)的(de)台(tai)賬(zhang)
，以(yi)至(zhi)於(yu)在(zai)開(kai)展(zhan)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)時(shi)候(hou)缺(que)乏(fa)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)章(zhang)程(cheng)，管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)比(bi)較(jiao)混(hun)亂(luan)，機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)了(le)問(wen)題(ti)也(ye)難(nan)以(yi)明(ming)確(que)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)責(ze)任(ren)主(zhu)體(ti)，機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)難(nan)以(yi)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)開(kai)展(zhan)。

 

    2.2工程機械設備的保養與使用相脫節
，設備失修現象比較嚴重

 

    gongchengjixieshebeishuyugongchengshigongqiyedegudingzichan，zaigongchengxiangmushigongguochengzhongyouyushiyongbijiaopinfan
，jingchanghuichuxiangezhongguzhanghuowenti，yinci，gongchengjixieshebeideyanghugongzuojiuxiandefeichangzhongyao。erbufengongchengshigongqiyebingmeiyourenshidaoduijixieshebeiyanghugongzuodezhongyaoxing，youyuguoyuzhuzhongyanqiandeliyi，quefachangyuandekaolv，shidehenduogongchengjixieshebeichangqichuyuchaofuheyunzuodezhuangtai，shenzhichuxianweiguicaozuodeqingkuang，yifangmianjiasulegongchengjixieshebeidemosunhelaohua，suoduanlejixieshebeideshiyongshouming，lingyifangmianyidangongchengjixieshebeichuxianwentiwufashiyong，xuyaohuafeigengduodejinglihecailijinxingweixiu，zengjialeweixiuchengben
，yanwulegongchenggongqi
，zhexiedougeigongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuodailailehendadekunnan。

 

    2.3維修技術落後
，維修不及時現象較為普遍

 

    隨(sui)著(zhe)科(ke)學(xue)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)的(de)大(da)型(xing)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)投(tou)入(ru)到(dao)了(le)工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，這(zhe)對(dui)於(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)維(wei)修(xiu)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)高(gao)，但(dan)是(shi)大(da)多(duo)數(shu)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)維(wei)修(xiu)人(ren)員(yuan)技(ji)術(shu)水(shui)平(ping)和(he)維(wei)修(xiu)手(shou)段(duan)卻(que)跟(gen)不(bu)上(shang)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)的(de)更(geng)新(xin)速(su)度(du)，很(hen)多(duo)設(she)備(bei)都(dou)要(yao)送(song)到(dao)廠(chang)外(wai)維(wei)修(xiu)
，大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)維(wei)修(xiu)成(cheng)本(ben)。另(ling)外(wai)，大(da)部(bu)分(fen)施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)都(dou)采(cai)取(qu)的(de)是(shi)事(shi)後(hou)維(wei)修(xiu)的(de)方(fang)式(shi)

，一(yi)旦(dan)設(she)備(bei)出(chu)現(xian)問(wen)題(ti)
，維(wei)修(xiu)不(bu)及(ji)時(shi)情(qing)況(kuang)經(jing)常(chang)出(chu)現(xian)，直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang)到(dao)工(gong)程(cheng)進(jin)度(du)，造(zao)成(cheng)了(le)人(ren)力(li)、物力和財力的大量浪費。

 

    加強工程機械管理的對策

 

    3.1建立健全工程機械設備管理機構，落實機械設備管理製度

 

    首shou先xian


，工gong程cheng施shi工gong企qi業ye要yao認ren識shi到dao機ji械xie設she備bei管guan理li工gong作zuo的de重zhong要yao性xing，建jian立li專zhuan門men的de機ji械xie設she備bei管guan理li機ji構gou
，配pei備bei專zhuan業ye人ren員yuan負fu責ze機ji械xie設she備bei管guan理li工gong作zuo
，健jian全quan機ji械xie設she備bei管guan理li製zhi度du
，將jiang設she備bei管guan理li工gong作zuo職zhi責ze權quan限xian落luo實shi到dao人ren，建jian立li機ji械xie設she備bei台tai賬zhang

，做zuo好hao設she備bei技ji術shu檔dang案an等deng基ji礎chu性xing工gong作zuo。其qi次ci
，要yao統tong籌chou規gui劃hua，合he理li配pei置zhi機ji械xie設she備bei資zi源yuan。要yao將jiang工gong程cheng管guan理li與yu機ji械xie設she備bei管guan理li工gong作zuo有you機ji結jie合he起qi來lai，根gen據ju不bu同tong工gong程cheng的de施shi工gong質zhi量liang和he工gong期qi要yao求qiu
，合he理li調tiao配pei機ji械xie設she備bei，提ti高gao機ji械xie設she備bei的de使shi用yong率lv，創chuang新xin工gong程cheng機ji械xie設she備bei的de管guan控kong方fang式shi，對dui工gong程cheng機ji械xie設she備bei加jia強qiang管guan理li，全quan麵mian提ti升sheng工gong程cheng機ji械xie設she備bei的de管guan控kong效xiao果guo。

 

    3.2加強對機械設備的保養和維護，延長設備壽命

 

    zaigongchengjixieshebeidezhenggeshengmingzhouqiguochengzhong
，douyaogaoduzhongshiduiqiyanghugongzuo，yifangmiankeyitigaojixieshebeideshigongzhiliang，baozhenggongchengshigongguochengzhongdeanquan
，lingyifangmiankeyiyanchangjixieshebeideshiyongshouming，jiangdigongchengshigongqiyedeyunyingchengben，yinci，gongchengjixieshebeideyanghugongzuoshifeichangzhongyaode。shouxian
，yaojianlijixieshebeibaoyangweihuzhiduguifan，jijiluoshibaoyangweihuzhidu，genjubutongjixieshebeidetezhengjibaoyangxuqiu
，jianlijixieshebeiweihuyubaoyanggongzuojihuayugongzuorizhi，quebaoyanghuzerenluoshidaoren，*大da程cheng度du減jian小xiao機ji械xie設she備bei的de故gu障zhang率lv。其qi次ci，要yao從cong長chang遠yuan的de角jiao度du重zhong視shi機ji械xie設she備bei的de養yang護hu工gong作zuo，避bi免mian出chu現xian機ji械xie設she備bei長chang期qi超chao負fu荷he運yun作zuo的de現xian象xiang
，加jia強qiang對dui於yu機ji械xie設she備bei操cao作zuo人ren員yuan的de安an全quan與yu技ji術shu培pei訓xun工gong作zuo，杜du絕jue各ge種zhong違wei規gui操cao作zuo造zao成cheng的de機ji械xie設she備bei故gu障zhang現xian象xiang的de發fa生sheng。*後，要確保在合理的時間內維修機械設備。采取“計劃維修”與“預防性維修”xiangjiehedeweixiuzhidu，kexuehelideanpaishebeiweixiugongzuo。jihuaweixiugenjujixiesunhuaihelingjianmosunguilv，anzhaogongzuoshijian，dingqiduishebeishishiqiangzhibaoxiuxiangmu;預防性維修堅持“定期檢查，按需修理”的原則
，按照維修對象的實際計劃狀況
，通過定期檢查，避免了漏拆漏檢導致的失保失修。

 

    3.3加強對於機械設備管理工作的培訓力度

 

    suizhexiandaikejidebuduanfazhan，jixieshebeiyezaibuduangengxinhuandai，qizidonghuachengdujiangyuelaiyuegao，jishuhanliangyeyuelaiyuezhong。yinci，shigongqiyeyaoxiangconggenbenshangtigaoquantiguanliheweixiurenyuandezhuanyejishusuzhi，jiadajishupeixunlidu
，xuanbahepeiyangyipidongjishu、會管理的綜合型人才，以滿足企業的發展需要。施工企業要有重點地組織由設備管理
、維修
、操作人員共同參加的設備管理研討會，大家集思廣益
，出謀獻計
，形成學技術、鑽業務的氛圍。並根據施工的具體情況，采用專題講座、參觀學習等形式，及時推廣、宣傳有實效的經驗體會
，以點帶麵，逐步提高企業各級人員理論知識水平和實際操作技能。

 

    結語

 

    隨sui著zhe社she會hui的de進jin步bu，科ke學xue技ji術shu的de發fa展zhan，在zai現xian代dai化hua建jian築zhu施shi工gong當dang中zhong，設she備bei所suo起qi的de效xiao用yong愈yu漸jian明ming顯xian，在zai施shi工gong企qi業ye當dang中zhong施shi工gong設she備bei的de現xian場chang管guan理li愈yu來lai愈yu受shou到dao關guan注zhu。任ren何he設she備bei投tou入ru使shi用yong後hou都dou會hui不bu可ke避bi免mian地di出chu現xian故gu障zhang，在zai工gong作zuo中zhong

，隻zhi要yao我wo們men加jia強qiang設she備bei管guan理li，合he理li科ke學xue地di使shi用yong、及時到位地保養
、適時準確地維修，就能有效地降低故障發生
，提高有效利用率，進而在一定程度上*大限度地挖掘機械設備的使用價值。