淺談電梯製動器的安全與防護

       北京4號線地鐵扶梯事故造成了一名13歲男童死亡，3人重傷
，另有27人輕傷的慘痛後果，據悉，造成事故的元凶可能就是電梯製動器出現故障。
      
       電梯製動器一般由線圈、鐵芯
、製動推杆、製動臂
、製動帶、製動輪、製動彈簧、zhidongqidizuodengzucheng，suoyoucanyuxiangzhidonglunhuopanshijiazhidonglidezhidongqijixieyingfenweiliangzuzhuangshe，yibimianyizubujianshixiaoshiyinqilingyizushixiaocongeryinfashigu。dangran，zhidongqibixuyaoyouzugoudezhidongliju，yibaozhengjiaoxiangzaiyou125％額定載荷並以額定速度向下時，操作製動器應能使曳引機停止運轉。

       在對製動器的控製中，GB7588—200312.4.2.3.1規gui定ding
，切qie斷duan製zhi動dong器qi電dian流liu，至zhi少shao應ying用yong兩liang個ge獨du立li的de電dian氣qi裝zhuang置zhi來lai實shi現xian，不bu論lun這zhe些xie裝zhuang置zhi與yu用yong來lai切qie斷duan電dian梯ti驅qu動dong主zhu機ji電dian流liu的de電dian氣qi裝zhuang置zhi是shi否fou為wei一yi體ti，當dang電dian梯ti停ting止zhi時shi，如ru果guo其qi中zhong一yi個ge接jie觸chu器qi的de主zhu觸chu點dian未wei打da開kai，最zui遲chi到dao下xia一yi次ci運yun行xing方fang向xiang改gai變bian時shi，應ying防fang止zhi電dian梯ti再zai運yun行xing。這zhe兩liang個ge獨du立li的de電dian氣qi裝zhuang置zhi指zhi的de是shi控kong製zhi製zhi動dong器qi線xian圈quan的de裝zhuang置zhi
，它ta不bu是shi指zhi門men鎖suo回hui路lu、anquanhuilugouchengdediantiyunxingdebiyaotiaojianyiyangdezhuangzhi
，ershiyingdangzhifuhediantiyunxingdechongyaotiaojian。ruyunxingjiechuqidezhuangzhiyiyang，lianggedulidezhuangzhibiaoxianzailuojishangyingshixiang“與”的而不是相“或”的。

       diantizhidongqizuoweipinfanshiyongdeanquanbujianzhiyi，tazaibaozhengdiantianquananquankekaodeyunxingzhongfahuizhejiqizhongyaodezuoyong，zaidiantishejizhizaoweihushibixuyuyizhongshi。diantizhidongqixianquanbixuzunxundediansongzha、失shi電dian製zhi動dong的de原yuan則ze進jin行xing設she計ji，要yao有you良liang好hao的de響xiang應ying性xing能neng，它ta應ying能neng在zai得de到dao運yun行xing指zhi令ling後hou迅xun速su鬆song閘zha，以yi免mian電dian梯ti起qi動dong時shi使shi電dian機ji發fa生sheng堵du轉zhuan
，使shi電dian機ji等deng零ling部bu件jian發fa熱re，減jian少shao電dian流liu對dui元yuan器qi件jian的de衝chong擊ji，提ti高gao元yuan器qi件jian的de使shi用yong壽shou命ming；當dang電dian梯ti停ting止zhi時shi，它ta應ying及ji時shi抱bao閘zha，以yi免mian發fa生sheng溜liu車che等deng事shi故gu。這zhe樣yang，在zai抱bao閘zha回hui路lu中zhong，抱bao閘zha線xian圈quan最zui好hao是shi全quan壓ya直zhi接jie啟qi動dong，然ran後hou以yi一yi個ge較jiao低di的de維wei持chi電dian壓ya保bao證zheng線xian圈quan一yi直zhi得de電dian， dangxuyaobaozhashi，buyidingyaolingdianya，zhiyaodianyabiweichidianyadi
，tajiuyingjishibaozha。zaizhezhenggehuiluzhong，dangxianquanshidianshi，yaonenglijixiaohaocanyudianshi，haixufangzhiyoufuzaixiangxianquankuidian


，ruguoyouzhezhongkeneng，bixujishixiaochu，yimianruoxian。
zaipingshishiyongguochengzhongbunengsuiyitiaozhengzhidongdanhuang
，yaobaozhengzugoudezhidongliju

，xudingqigeizhidongqibaoyang


，zhuandongzhoulianchuyingjishijiarunhuayou
，tiexinyeyingjishitiaozheng，yimianchuxianxiusi
、卡阻等情況，使製動器不能完全打開或打不開而引發事故。