塔式起重機必須具備哪幾種限位裝置？

塔式起重機必須具備起重量限製器
、力矩限製器、高度限製器、行程限製器、幅度限位器等。

(1)起重量限製器

也稱超載限位器、shiyizhongnengshiqizhongjibuzhichaofuheyunxingdebaoxianzhuangzhi，dangdiaozhongchaoguoedingqizhongliangshi，tanengzidongdiqieduantishengjigoudedianyuantingchehuofachujingbao。qizhongxianzhiqiyoujixieshihedianzishiliangzhong。

(2)力矩限製器

對(dui)於(yu)變(bian)幅(fu)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)，一(yi)定(ding)的(de)幅(fu)度(du)隻(zhi)允(yun)許(xu)起(qi)吊(diao)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)吊(diao)重(zhong)，如(ru)果(guo)超(chao)重(zhong)，起(qi)重(zhong)視(shi)就(jiu)有(you)傾(qing)翻(fan)的(de)危(wei)險(xian)。力(li)矩(ju)限(xian)製(zhi)器(qi)就(jiu)是(shi)根(gen)據(ju)這(zhe)個(ge)特(te)點(dian)研(yan)製(zhi)出(chu)的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)保(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。在(zai)某(mou)一(yi)定(ding)幅(fu)度(du)，如(ru)果(guo)吊(diao)物(wu)超(chao)出(chu)了(le)其(qi)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)重(zhong)量(liang)，電(dian)路(lu)就(jiu)被(bei)切(qie)斷(duan)
，使(shi)提(ti)升(sheng)不(bu)能(neng)進(jin)行(xing)，保(bao)證(zheng)了(le)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)的(de)穩(wen)定(ding)。力(li)矩(ju)限(xian)製(zhi)器(qi)有(you)機(ji)械(xie)式(shi)、電子式和複合式三種。

(3)高度限製器

也ye稱cheng吊diao鉤gou高gao度du限xian位wei器qi。一yi般ban都dou裝zhuang在zai起qi重zhong臂bi的de頭tou部bu，當dang吊diao鉤gou滑hua升sheng到dao極ji限xian位wei置zhi，便bian托tuo起qi杠gang杆gan。壓ya下xia限xian位wei開kai關guan
，切qie斷duan電dian路lu停ting車che
，再zai合he閘zha時shi，吊diao鉤gou隻zhi能neng下xia降jiang。

(4)行程限製器

防(fang)止(zhi)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)發(fa)生(sheng)撞(zhuang)車(che)或(huo)限(xian)製(zhi)在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)範(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)行(xing)駛(shi)的(de)保(bao)險(xian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。它(ta)一(yi)般(ban)安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)主(zhu)動(dong)台(tai)車(che)內(nei)側(ce)，主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)安(an)裝(zhuang)一(yi)個(ge)可(ke)以(yi)撥(bo)動(dong)扳(ban)把(ba)的(de)行(xing)程(cheng)開(kai)關(guan)。另(ling)在(zai)軌(gui)道(dao)的(de)端(duan)頭(tou)(在運行限定的位置)安(an)裝(zhuang)一(yi)個(ge)固(gu)定(ding)的(de)極(ji)限(xian)位(wei)置(zhi)擋(dang)板(ban)

，當(dang)塔(ta)吊(diao)運(yun)行(xing)到(dao)這(zhe)個(ge)位(wei)置(zhi)時(shi)，極(ji)限(xian)擋(dang)板(ban)即(ji)碰(peng)觸(chu)行(xing)程(cheng)開(kai)關(guan)的(de)扳(ban)把(ba)，切(qie)斷(duan)控(kong)製(zhi)行(xing)走(zou)的(de)電(dian)源(yuan)
，再(zai)合(he)閘(zha)時(shi)塔(ta)吊(diao)隻(zhi)能(neng)向(xiang)相(xiang)反(fan)方(fang)向(xiang)運(yun)行(xing)。

(5)幅度限製器

yechengbianfuxianweihuofuduzhishiqi，yibandedongbiqizhongjideqizhongbishangdouguayouyigefuduzhishiqi。tashiyouyigegudingdeyuanxingzhishipan
，zaipandezhongxinzhuangyigeqianchuidehuodongzhizhen。dangbianfushi，zhizhenzhishichugezhongfuduxiadeedingqizhongliang。dangbiganyunxingdaoshangxialianggejixianweizhishi，fenbieyaxiaxianweikaiguan，qieduanzhukongdianlu，bianfudianjitingche
，dadaoxianweidezuoyong。