工程施工機械管理維護問題與對策分析

 

隨sui著zhe我wo國guo經jing濟ji社she會hui的de不bu斷duan發fa展zhan和he科ke學xue技ji術shu的de不bu斷duan進jin步bu
，大da量liang現xian代dai化hua的de大da型xing工gong程cheng機ji械xie設she備bei越yue來lai越yue多duo的de應ying用yong到dao了le工gong程cheng施shi工gong過guo程cheng中zhong
，對dui工gong程cheng施shi工gong企qi業ye來lai說shuo
，工gong程cheng施shi工gong機ji械xie的de管guan理li和he維wei護hu問wen題ti成cheng為wei了le管guan理li中zhong的de重zhong要yao內nei容rong
，工gong程cheng機ji械xie設she備bei管guan理li工gong作zuo不bu僅jin直zhi接jie關guan係xi到dao了le工gong程cheng項xiang目mu的de施shi工gong質zhi量liang，還hai影ying響xiang到dao了le工gong程cheng施shi工gong企qi業ye的de管guan理li維wei護hu成cheng本ben和he經jing濟ji效xiao益yi，因yin此ci工程施工企業的機械設備管理工作非常重要
，管理水平亟待提高，必須得到重視。

 

工程機械管理的重要性和意義

 

gongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuobulunduiyushehuianquanwendinghaishiduiyushigongqiyedeweilaifazhandoujuyoufeichangzhongyaodexianshiyiyi。shouxian，zaidaxinggongchengxiangmuzhongcaiyongdegongchengshigongjixieyouyugefangmiandeyuanyin，jingchanghuichuxiangezhongshigu
，huiduirenmendeshengmingcaichananquandailailehendadeanquanyinhuan
，tongguojiaqianggongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuo，jingchangduigongchengshigongjixieshebeijinxingweixiuhebaoyang，quebaoqianquankekaodeyunxing，nenggoudafududejianxiaoshigongguochengzhongdeshigufashenglv，tigaogongchengshigonganquandu。qici，jiaqiangduiyugongchengshigongjixieshebeiguanligongzuo，keyiyouxiaotigaogongchengshigongdeshigongzhiliangshuiping，baozhenggezhongdaxinggongchengdezhengchanganquanshiyong，duiyubaozhangshehuianquanwendingyeyouyidingdecujinzuoyong。ciwai，zuohaogongchengshigongjixieshebeiguanligongzuo
，keyiyouxiaotigaogongchengshigongjixieshebeideliyongxiaolv
，jiangdishigongqiyedeyunyingchengbenheweihuchengben，duiyutigaogongchengshigongqiyedejingjixiaoyihejingzhengli，cujinqiyegengkuaigenghaodifazhanyeyoufeichangzhongyaodecujinzuoyong。zongtilaishuo，gongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuobulunduiyushehuifazhanhaishiduiyushigongqiyedeweilaifazhandoushifeichangzhongyaode。

 

工程機械管理存在的問題

 

zaiwoguojingjishehuidekuaisufazhanguochengzhong
，yongxianchulailedapidegongchengshigongqiye，yuelaiyueduodegongchengshigongjixieshebeitourudaoshigongxiangmuzhongqu，youciyedailailegezhonggeyangdewenti，gongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuojidaiguifanhezhongshi。

 

2.1工程機械設備管理比較混亂

 

工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)比(bi)較(jiao)複(fu)雜(za)，要(yao)做(zuo)好(hao)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)必(bi)須(xu)建(jian)立(li)完(wan)善(shan)的(de)管(guan)理(li)體(ti)製(zhi)
，明(ming)確(que)相(xiang)關(guan)責(ze)任(ren)主(zhu)體(ti)，確(que)保(bao)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)責(ze)任(ren)落(luo)實(shi)到(dao)人(ren)。而(er)大(da)多(duo)數(shu)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)對(dui)於(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)的(de)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)都(dou)不(bu)夠(gou)重(zhong)視(shi)
，管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)比(bi)較(jiao)混(hun)亂(luan)
，主(zhu)要(yao)表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)並(bing)沒(mei)有(you)建(jian)立(li)專(zhuan)門(men)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)管(guan)理(li)機(ji)構(gou)，相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)管(guan)理(li)製(zhi)度(du)和(he)規(gui)範(fan)也(ye)沒(mei)有(you)完(wan)善(shan)，在(zai)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)和(he)保(bao)養(yang)等(deng)方(fang)麵(mian)未(wei)建(jian)立(li)比(bi)較(jiao)詳(xiang)細(xi)的(de)台(tai)賬(zhang)
，以(yi)至(zhi)於(yu)在(zai)開(kai)展(zhan)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)時(shi)候(hou)缺(que)乏(fa)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)章(zhang)程(cheng)，管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)比(bi)較(jiao)混(hun)亂(luan)，機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)了(le)問(wen)題(ti)也(ye)難(nan)以(yi)明(ming)確(que)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)責(ze)任(ren)主(zhu)體(ti)
，機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)難(nan)以(yi)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)開(kai)展(zhan)。

 

2.2工程機械設備的保養與使用相脫節，設備失修現象比較嚴重

 

gongchengjixieshebeishuyugongchengshigongqiyedegudingzichan，zaigongchengxiangmushigongguochengzhongyouyushiyongbijiaopinfan，jingchanghuichuxiangezhongguzhanghuowenti
，yinci
，gongchengjixieshebeideyanghugongzuojiuxiandefeichangzhongyao。erbufengongchengshigongqiyebingmeiyourenshidaoduijixieshebeiyanghugongzuodezhongyaoxing
，youyuguoyuzhuzhongyanqiandeliyi，quefachangyuandekaolv，shidehenduogongchengjixieshebeichangqichuyuchaofuheyunzuodezhuangtai，shenzhichuxianweiguicaozuodeqingkuang
，yifangmianjiasulegongchengjixieshebeidemosunhelaohua
，suoduanlejixieshebeideshiyongshouming
，lingyifangmianyidangongchengjixieshebeichuxianwentiwufashiyong，xuyaohuafeigengduodejinglihecailijinxingweixiu，zengjialeweixiuchengben，yanwulegongchenggongqi，zhexiedougeigongchengjixieshebeiguanligongzuodailailehendadekunnan。

 

2.3維修技術落後，維修不及時現象較為普遍

 

隨sui著zhe科ke學xue技ji術shu的de發fa展zhan
，越yue來lai越yue多duo的de大da型xing現xian代dai化hua機ji械xie設she備bei投tou入ru到dao了le工gong程cheng建jian設she過guo程cheng中zhong，這zhe對dui於yu工gong程cheng機ji械xie設she備bei維wei修xiu人ren員yuan的de技ji術shu要yao求qiu越yue來lai越yue高gao，但dan是shi大da多duo數shu的de工gong程cheng施shi工gong企qi業ye的de維wei修xiu人ren員yuan技ji術shu水shui平ping和he維wei修xiu手shou段duan卻que跟gen不bu上shang機ji械xie設she備bei的de更geng新xin速su度du
，很hen多duo設she備bei都dou要yao送song到dao廠chang外wai維wei修xiu，大da大da增zeng加jia了le維wei修xiu成cheng本ben。另ling外wai，大da部bu分fen施shi工gong企qi業ye都dou采cai取qu的de是shi事shi後hou維wei修xiu的de方fang式shi，一yi旦dan設she備bei出chu現xian問wen題ti，維wei修xiu不bu及ji時shi情qing況kuang經jing常chang出chu現xian
，直zhi接jie影ying響xiang到dao工gong程cheng進jin度du，造zao成cheng了le人ren力li、物力和財力的大量浪費。

 

加強工程機械管理的對策

 

3.1建立健全工程機械設備管理機構，落實機械設備管理製度

 

shouxian，gongchengshigongqiyeyaorenshidaojixieshebeiguanligongzuodezhongyaoxing
，jianlizhuanmendejixieshebeiguanlijigou，peibeizhuanyerenyuanfuzejixieshebeiguanligongzuo，jianquanjixieshebeiguanlizhidu，jiangshebeiguanligongzuozhizequanxianluoshidaoren，jianlijixieshebeitaizhang，zuohaoshebeijishudangandengjichuxinggongzuo。qici，yaotongchouguihua，helipeizhijixieshebeiziyuan。yaojianggongchengguanliyujixieshebeiguanligongzuoyoujijieheqilai
，genjubutonggongchengdeshigongzhilianghegongqiyaoqiu，helitiaopeijixieshebei，tigaojixieshebeideshiyonglv
，chuangxingongchengjixieshebeideguankongfangshi，duigongchengjixieshebeijiaqiangguanli，quanmiantishenggongchengjixieshebeideguankongxiaoguo。

 

3.2加強對機械設備的保養和維護，延長設備壽命

 

在zai工gong程cheng機ji械xie設she備bei的de整zheng個ge生sheng命ming周zhou期qi過guo程cheng中zhong
，都dou要yao高gao度du重zhong視shi對dui其qi養yang護hu工gong作zuo，一yi方fang麵mian可ke以yi提ti高gao機ji械xie設she備bei的de施shi工gong質zhi量liang，保bao證zheng工gong程cheng施shi工gong過guo程cheng中zhong的de安an全quan，另ling一yi方fang麵mian可ke以yi延yan長chang機ji械xie設she備bei的de使shi用yong壽shou命ming，降jiang低di工gong程cheng施shi工gong企qi業ye的de運yun營ying成cheng本ben
，因yin此ci，工gong程cheng機ji械xie設she備bei的de養yang護hu工gong作zuo是shi非fei常chang重zhong要yao的de。首shou先xian，要yao建jian立li機ji械xie設she備bei保bao養yang維wei護hu製zhi度du規gui範fan，積ji極ji落luo實shi保bao養yang維wei護hu製zhi度du，根gen據ju不bu同tong機ji械xie設she備bei的de特te征zheng及ji保bao養yang需xu求qiu，建jian立li機ji械xie設she備bei維wei護hu與yu保bao養yang工gong作zuo計ji劃hua與yu工gong作zuo日ri誌zhi，確que保bao養yang護hu責ze任ren落luo實shi到dao人ren，*dachengdujianxiaojixieshebeideguzhanglv。qici
，yaocongchangyuandejiaoduzhongshijixieshebeideyanghugongzuo
，bimianchuxianjixieshebeichangqichaofuheyunzuodexianxiang，jiaqiangduiyujixieshebeicaozuorenyuandeanquanyujishupeixungongzuo，dujuegezhongweiguicaozuozaochengdejixieshebeiguzhangxianxiangdefasheng。*後，要確保在合理的時間內維修機械設備。采取“計劃維修”與“預防性維修”xiangjiehedeweixiuzhidu，kexuehelideanpaishebeiweixiugongzuo。jihuaweixiugenjujixiesunhuaihelingjianmosunguilv，anzhaogongzuoshijian，dingqiduishebeishishiqiangzhibaoxiuxiangmu;預防性維修堅持“定期檢查
，按需修理”的原則，按照維修對象的實際計劃狀況
，通過定期檢查
，避免了漏拆漏檢導致的失保失修。

 

3.3加強對於機械設備管理工作的培訓力度

 

隨sui著zhe現xian代dai科ke技ji的de不bu斷duan發fa展zhan，機ji械xie設she備bei也ye在zai不bu斷duan更geng新xin換huan代dai，其qi自zi動dong化hua程cheng度du將jiang越yue來lai越yue高gao
，技ji術shu含han量liang也ye越yue來lai越yue重zhong。因yin此ci，施shi工gong企qi業ye要yao想xiang從cong根gen本ben上shang提ti高gao全quan體ti管guan理li和he維wei修xiu人ren員yuan的de專zhuan業ye技ji術shu素su質zhi
，加jia大da技ji術shu培pei訓xun力li度du，選xuan拔ba和he培pei養yang一yi批pi懂dong技ji術shu、會管理的綜合型人才
，以滿足企業的發展需要。施工企業要有重點地組織由設備管理
、維修
、操作人員共同參加的設備管理研討會，大家集思廣益，出謀獻計，形成學技術
、鑽業務的氛圍。並根據施工的具體情況，采用專題講座
、參觀學習等形式，及時推廣、宣傳有實效的經驗體會，以點帶麵，逐步提高企業各級人員理論知識水平和實際操作技能。

 

結語

 

隨sui著zhe社she會hui的de進jin步bu，科ke學xue技ji術shu的de發fa展zhan，在zai現xian代dai化hua建jian築zhu施shi工gong當dang中zhong，設she備bei所suo起qi的de效xiao用yong愈yu漸jian明ming顯xian，在zai施shi工gong企qi業ye當dang中zhong施shi工gong設she備bei的de現xian場chang管guan理li愈yu來lai愈yu受shou到dao關guan注zhu。任ren何he設she備bei投tou入ru使shi用yong後hou都dou會hui不bu可ke避bi免mian地di出chu現xian故gu障zhang，在zai工gong作zuo中zhong，隻zhi要yao我wo們men加jia強qiang設she備bei管guan理li，合he理li科ke學xue地di使shi用yong

、及時到位地保養、適時準確地維修，就能有效地降低故障發生
，提高有效利用率，進而在一定程度上*大限度地挖掘機械設備的使用價值。