橋式起重機電氣故障檢修常用的幾種方法

橋式起重機故障檢修常用的幾種方法(電氣部分)橋式起重機故障檢修常用的幾種方法

zaimuqiandeqizhonglingyuzhongsuoshiyongdeqiaoshiqizhongji，qidianqikongzhifangshijuedaduoshuhaishicaiyongyouchudiandejiaoliujiechuqikongzhi。zhezhongkongzhifangshizaimuqiandegongyedianqizidonghuakongzhilingyuzhongxiandexiangduigulaolexuduo，danyouyuzhezhongkongzhixitongduieliehuanjingdeshiyingxingjiaoqiang
，raoxianshiyibudiandongjizaiqizhonglingyujuyouyouyuedegongzuoxingnengyijizaojiadengyuanyin，zhezhongkongzhifangshihaishijuyouzheguangfandeyingyongqianjing。

由you於yu有you觸chu點dian的de交jiao流liu接jie觸chu器qi受shou其qi固gu有you的de機ji械xie壽shou命ming和he惡e劣lie工gong作zuo環huan境jing的de侵qin蝕shi，以yi及ji很hen高gao的de工gong作zuo頻pin率lv，其qi發fa生sheng故gu障zhang的de頻pin率lv也ye相xiang對dui較jiao高gao，所suo以yi對dui其qi進jin行xing日ri常chang維wei護hu和he檢jian修xiu工gong作zuo很hen重zhong要yao。尤you其qi是shi在zai重zhong工gong企qi業ye中zhong，對dui起qi重zhong機ji的de運yun轉zhuan率lv要yao求qiu很hen高gao，維wei修xiu人ren員yuan必bi須xu加jia強qiang日ri常chang維wei護hu以yi提ti高gao設she備bei運yun轉zhuan率lv
，另ling一yi方fang麵mian，設she備bei在zai線xian發fa生sheng故gu障zhang時shi
，必bi須xu盡jin可ke能neng地di縮suo短duan檢jian修xiu時shi間jian，以yi保bao證zheng正zheng常chang的de生sheng產chan節jie奏zou。這zhe都dou要yao求qiu維wei修xiu人ren員yuan具ju有you較jiao強qiang的de業ye務wu技ji能neng。

對dui於yu電dian氣qi維wei修xiu人ren員yuan的de業ye務wu技ji能neng，紮zha實shi的de電dian氣qi基ji礎chu理li論lun知zhi識shi很hen重zhong要yao，但dan對dui於yu在zai線xian搶qiang修xiu來lai說shuo，維wei修xiu人ren員yuan在zai長chang期qi的de檢jian修xiu實shi踐jian工gong作zuo中zhong積ji累lei的de經jing驗yan和he技ji巧qiao將jiang顯xian得de更geng加jia重zhong要yao

，搶qiang修xiu時shi，要yao求qiu的de是shi維wei修xiu人ren員yuan在zai最zui短duan的de時shi間jian內nei對dui故gu障zhang做zuo出chu判pan斷duan，對dui故gu障zhang判pan斷duan時shi間jian的de長chang短duan，一yi方fang麵mian要yao求qiu維wei修xiu人ren員yuan對dui設she備bei性xing能neng很hen熟shu悉xi，另ling一yi方fang麵mian就jiu是shi要yao求qiu維wei修xiu人ren員yuan在zai檢jian修xiu時shi講jiang究jiu一yi定ding的de方fang式shi方fang法fa。

根據長期的起重機電氣檢修工作實踐，總結了幾種較為快捷有效的檢修方法和技巧，以供參考。

感官法：就是通過人的眼睛.耳朵.鼻子以及手等感覺器官，感知故障狀況，獲取故障信息，對故障做出初步判斷。比如：當發生某一故障時，在我們向操作人員了解清楚故障現象後，我們就可以通過眼睛觀察
，看有無明顯的故障點

，采取相應的措施；也可以用耳朵聽故障聲音，判斷出是機械聲音還是電動機內的電氣故障聲音，采取相應措施；也可以用鼻子聞氣味，判斷是否有元件燒毀等情況
；還可以用手感覺電動機等部件的溫度，幫助我們對故障做出正確判斷。這種方法就需要維修人員要具備一定的經驗。

應急法：jiushidangwomentongguoshiyongleyishangdeganguanfahourengranbunengjinkuaipaichuguzhang，ershengchanxianyoubuyunxushebeichangshijiantingxiedeqingkuangxia，womenjiuyaocaiquyingjicuoshi，jinkuairangshebeidongqilai。caiquzhezhongfangfashi
，yaoqiuweixiurenyuanjubeifengfudeweixiujingyanhezhashidedianqililunzhishi，yinweicaiquyingjicuoshideqiantishiyaojianlizaibaozhenganquandeqiantixia，ruguomeiyouzhashidedianqizhishihefengfudejingyan

，jiunanyibaozhenganquan，meileanquandebaozheng，yiqiedoujiangwucongtanqi！應急法知識在緊急情況下采取的臨時措施
，不能長期使用，所以當緊急情況消失以後
，我們還要認真地排查故障消滅故障。

排查較為隱藏的故障，我們還可以采取以下幾種方法：

試車法：就是在保證不會導致故障擴大地前提下，通過送電試車，反複觀察動作機構的動作情況，發現異常
，排除故障或幫助進一步查找故障。

電壓法：zheshiyizhongzhijieyouxiaodekuaijiefangfa，dangfaxianyigedongzuojigougaidongzuoerweidongzuoshi，womenjiukeyiyongwanyongbiaocongxianquanliangduankaishi，zhugeliangquxianquanhexianquanzhiluzhonggeyuanjiandedianya，zuizhongzhaochuguzhangdian，paichuguzhang。

短接法：dangwomenfaxianyigedongzuoyuanjianyinggaidongzuoermeiyoudongzuo
，erzhegeyuanjianyouchuzaiyigeduohuiluzhong，shiyongwanyongbiaobunengdechuzhunquejielunshi，womenkeyitongguoduanjiegaiyuanjianxianquanzhiluzhongdelianhusuokongzhiyuanjian，zhuyipaichuguzhangdian。

接地法：當dang懷huai疑yi一yi個ge較jiao長chang支zhi路lu線xian路lu有you斷duan線xian和he查zha找zhao線xian路lu斷duan點dian時shi，在zai斷duan電dian的de情qing況kuang下xia，可ke以yi將jiang線xian路lu的de一yi端duan接jie地di，逐zhu級ji測ce量liang線xian路lu另ling一yi端duan是shi否fou也ye接jie地di，從cong而er得de出chu準zhun確que結jie論lun。