冶金起重機作為冶金行業安全、正常生產必不可少的關鍵和重要設備,其工作的可靠性、安全性、先(xian)進(jin)性(xing)一(yi)直(zhi)受(shou)到(dao)人(ren)們(men)的(de)高(gao)度(du)重(zhong)視(shi),但(dan)受(shou)傳(chuan)統(tong)冶(ye)金(jin)工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)製(zhi)約(yue),改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放(fang)前(qian)的(de)三(san)十(shi)年(nian)國(guo)內(nei)冶(ye)金(jin)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)基(ji)本(ben)是(shi)在(zai)原(yuan)蘇(su)聯(lian)的(de)模(mo)式(shi)下(xia)做(zuo)一(yi)些(xie)小(xiao)型(xing)的(de)改(gai)進(jin)和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)。隨(sui)著(zhe)改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放(fang)的(de)不(bu)斷(duan)深(shen)入(ru),大(da)量(liang)國(guo)外(wai)先(xian)進(jin)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)引(yin)入(ru),現(xian)代(dai)冶(ye)金(jin)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)也(ye)發(fa)生(sheng)了(le)較(jiao)大(da)的(de)變(bian)化(hua)。本(ben)文(wen)結(jie)合(he)國(guo)內(nei)冶(ye)金(jin)企(qi)業(ye)冶(ye)金(jin)工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)改(gai)進(jin)及(ji)最(zui)終(zhong)用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)要(yao)求(qiu),對(dui)冶(ye)金(jin)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)趨(qu)勢(shi)談(tan)一(yi)些(xie)看(kan)法(fa)。
冶金起重機一般人們主要指服務於冶金企業的鑄造起重機、料箱加料起重機、板坯搬運起重機、鋼卷夾鉗起重機、磁盤起重機和服務於冶金廠工作級別較高的其它橋式起重機。由於冶金企業煉鋼、鑄坯(鑄錠)、軋鋼工藝的改變,脫錠起重機、均熱爐夾鉗起重機、剛性料耙起重機、平爐橋式加料起重機、junrelujiegaiqizhongjidengchuantongyejinqizhongjiyizhubuquyutaotai,zhelibuzuojinyibudefenxi。jinjiuqianmianjizhongxianzaiyejinqiyedaliangshiyongdeqizhongjiqifazhanquxiangzuoyixiechubudefenxitantao。
發展總趨勢
qizhongliangdaxinghua,gongzuosudugaosuhuaxiandaiyejinqizhongjifazhandezhuyaoqushizhiyi,shiqizhongliangdaxinghua,gongzuosudugaosuhua,suizheshehuidefazhanduiyejinqiyedeyaoqiuyezaizhubutigao,zhebujinbiaoxianzaiduiyejinchanpindeshuliangyaoqiushang,gengzhongyaodeshibiaoxianzaiduiyejinchanpindezhilianghepinzhongfangmian,youyushehuixuqiudezengjiatuidonghecujinleyejinqiyedejishugaizaohejishujinbu,daxingzhuanlu、連鑄、連(lian)軋(zha)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)應(ying)用(yong),對(dui)冶(ye)金(jin)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)的(de)大(da)型(xing)化(hua)和(he)高(gao)速(su)度(du)提(ti)出(chu)了(le)更(geng)高(gao)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu),現(xian)就(jiu)國(guo)內(nei)主(zhu)要(yao)冶(ye)金(jin)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)企(qi)業(ye)鑄(zhu)造(zao)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)情(qing)況(kuang)做(zuo)一(yi)簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)統(tong)計(ji):從上表可以看出,五十年來主鉤起升速度和起重量均有較大幅度的提高。
起升、運行機構均采用調速係統早在70~80年(nian)代(dai),隨(sui)著(zhe)交(jiao)流(liu)調(tiao)速(su)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)和(he)成(cheng)熟(shu),國(guo)外(wai)各(ge)著(zhu)名(ming)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)製(zhi)造(zao)廠(chang)紛(fen)紛(fen)推(tui)出(chu)各(ge)機(ji)構(gou)調(tiao)速(su)的(de)承(cheng)諾(nuo)。調(tiao)速(su)範(fan)圍(wei)因(yin)采(cai)用(yong)的(de)調(tiao)速(su)方(fang)式(shi)不(bu)同(tong)而(er)不(bu)同(tong)。現(xian)設(she)計(ji)大(da)量(liang)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)是(shi)定(ding)子(zi)調(tiao)壓(ya)和(he)變(bian)頻(pin)調(tiao)速(su)係(xi)統(tong),起(qi)升(sheng)機(ji)構(gou)以(yi)定(ding)子(zi)調(tiao)壓(ya)為(wei)多(duo),運(yun)行(xing)機(ji)構(gou)以(yi)變(bian)頻(pin)為(wei)多(duo)。
機構采用調速以後具有以下明顯優點:
a)機構起、製動平穩當機構起、製動時僅以正常速度的1/10或1/20微速起動或製動時,被吊物體平穩運行,對起吊鋼水包的鑄造起重機特別有利;
b)可有效減少製動器閘塊的磨損;
c)被吊物體能準確定位;
d)減少對金屬結構(橋架或小車架)和傳動係統的衝擊,延長使用壽命;
e)可有效改善操作工人的工作環境;
f)減少起動對電網的衝擊。
使用調速係統後也帶來如下問題:
a)起重機的造價提高;
b)對dui維wei修xiu電dian工gong的de技ji術shu水shui平ping要yao求qiu較jiao高gao。雖sui然ran采cai用yong調tiao速su係xi統tong後hou會hui增zeng加jia設she備bei成cheng本ben,加jia大da維wei修xiu難nan度du,但dan隨sui著zhe技ji術shu的de進jin步bu,調tiao速su係xi統tong的de造zao價jia也ye在zai逐zhu步bu降jiang低di,而er其qi優you越yue性xing卻que越yue加jia明ming顯xian。係xi統tong調tiao速su以yi後hou,其qi工gong作zuo情qing況kuang的de改gai變bian為wei其qi發fa展zhan奠dian定ding了le堅jian實shi的de基ji礎chu。
監測傳感控製技術廣泛應用,使用性能和可靠度大大提高隨著科學技術的進步,各種監測、傳chuan感gan控kong製zhi技ji術shu在zai冶ye金jin起qi重zhong機ji上shang得de到dao了le廣guang泛fan的de應ying用yong,從cong而er使shi起qi重zhong機ji的de使shi用yong性xing能neng得de到dao很hen大da的de提ti高gao,使shi冶ye金jin起qi重zhong機ji從cong以yi前qian簡jian單dan意yi義yi上shang物wu料liao搬ban運yun工gong具ju變bian成cheng目mu前qian的de物wu流liu、信息流綜合傳送設備。
秤量裝置:在zai鑄zhu造zao起qi重zhong機ji上shang設she置zhi數shu字zi式shi秤cheng量liang裝zhuang置zhi,小xiao顯xian示shi屏ping放fang在zai司si機ji室shi內nei,大da顯xian示shi屏ping設she在zai主zhu端duan梁liang下xia,朝chao向xiang地di麵mian,使shi盛sheng鋼gang桶tong內nei的de鋼gang水shui重zhong量liang隨sui時shi顯xian示shi,該gai數shu據ju聯lian到dao計ji算suan機ji房fang內nei,一yi方fang麵mian可ke累lei計ji每mei日ri的de產chan量liang,另ling一yi方fang麵mian可ke根gen據ju連lian續xu板ban坯pi的de大da小xiao、kuaishulaijuedingshenggangtongyingshengfangdegangshuiliang,jianshaolangfei。suizhegezhongdaxinggaojingdudianzichengdeyingyong,yejinqizhongjizaibanyunwupindetongshi,haikewanchengchanliangdetongji、超載斷電和報警等功能。
故障顯示、記錄、打印裝置在連續生產的鋼鐵企業裏,時間就是金錢。在起重機出了故障後,希望維修時間減至最短。故障顯示裝置可將正發生故障的部、零ling件jian名ming稱cheng在zai司si機ji室shi內nei的de顯xian示shi屏ping上shang顯xian示shi出chu來lai,維wei修xiu人ren員yuan立li即ji知zhi道dao故gu障zhang發fa生sheng的de部bu位wei,可ke大da大da縮suo短duan維wei修xiu時shi間jian。易yi出chu故gu障zhang的de電dian氣qi和he機ji械xie的de零ling部bu件jian,由you業ye主zhu列lie出chu清qing單dan,起qi重zhong機ji製zhi造zao廠chang按an業ye主zhu要yao求qiu設she置zhi故gu障zhang顯xian示shi點dian,一yi旦dan被bei監jian測ce零ling部bu件jian出chu現xian故gu障zhang,就jiu會hui在zai屏ping幕mu上shang顯xian示shi出chu來lai,避bi免mian更geng大da故gu障zhang的de發fa生sheng。該gai裝zhuang置zhi除chu具ju有you顯xian示shi功gong能neng外wai,還hai具ju備bei記ji錄lu、打印功能,備查找故障原因,落實核對責任的需要。
二、三維定位裝置吊具在空間的位置可通過本裝置在司機室內的顯示屏上顯示,定位精度可控製在±10mmyixia,kemanzugeleizidongzuoyexiandegongyiyaoqiu。sijiketongguoxianshipingshangxianshideshuzizhiguandiquedingdiaojuhuowutishifouyidaodagaiwutiyingdaodadeweizhi,dadasuoduanqidiaoshijian,yebimianwutidehuangdong,keyouxiaotigaoshengchanxiaolv。
防(fang)碰(peng)撞(zhuang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)過(guo)去(qu)為(wei)防(fang)止(zhi)二(er)台(tai)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)碰(peng)撞(zhuang),僅(jin)安(an)裝(zhuang)限(xian)位(wei)開(kai)關(guan)和(he)緩(huan)衝(chong)器(qi),現(xian)有(you)激(ji)光(guang)式(shi)或(huo)雷(lei)達(da)式(shi)防(fang)碰(peng)撞(zhuang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。在(zai)一(yi)台(tai)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)設(she)發(fa)射(she)裝(zhuang)置(zhi),在(zai)另(ling)一(yi)台(tai)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)設(she)接(jie)受(shou)或(huo)反(fan)射(she)裝(zhuang)置(zhi),達(da)到(dao)預(yu)先(xian)設(she)定(ding)的(de)間(jian)距(ju)時(shi),就(jiu)發(fa)出(chu)報(bao)警(jing),避(bi)免(mian)發(fa)生(sheng)相(xiang)撞(zhuang)。
安全製動器在吊運重要物體,如:核原料、液態金屬、大水電站的發電機轉子等,起重機的主起升機構的卷筒上設置安全製動器。在該卷筒一側法蘭的輪緣上根據製動力矩的需要可設置一對、二(er)對(dui)甚(shen)至(zhi)三(san)對(dui)瓦(wa)塊(kuai),由(you)專(zhuan)設(she)的(de)液(ye)壓(ya)站(zhan)進(jin)行(xing)控(kong)製(zhi)。起(qi)動(dong)時(shi),安(an)全(quan)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)先(xian)打(da)開(kai),設(she)在(zai)高(gao)速(su)軸(zhou)上(shang)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)後(hou)打(da)開(kai)。製(zhi)動(dong)時(shi),工(gong)作(zuo)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)先(xian)製(zhi)動(dong),安(an)全(quan)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)滯(zhi)後(hou)幾(ji)秒(miao)再(zai)製(zhi)動(dong)。安(an)全(quan)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)是(shi)保(bao)證(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)與(yu)安(an)全(quan)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)之(zhi)間(jian)所(suo)有(you)傳(chuan)動(dong)鏈(lian)環(huan)節(jie)中(zhong)任(ren)一(yi)傳(chuan)動(dong)件(jian)損(sun)壞(huai)或(huo)斷(duan)裂(lie)時(shi),被(bei)吊(diao)物(wu)件(jian)均(jun)可(ke)安(an)全(quan)。把(ba)各(ge)種(zhong)監(jian)測(ce)、傳chuan感gan技ji術shu適shi當dang地di應ying用yong在zai起qi重zhong機ji上shang,實shi現xian對dui冶ye金jin起qi重zhong機ji的de有you線xian或huo無wu線xian控kong製zhi,既ji是shi現xian代dai冶ye金jin起qi重zhong機ji發fa展zhan的de方fang向xiang,同tong時shi也ye應ying成cheng為wei個ge設she計ji工gong作zuo者zhe應ying該gai努nu力li的de目mu標biao。
控製技術程序化,遙控技術在特殊環境中使用隨著計算機軟、硬(ying)件(jian)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)和(he)日(ri)臻(zhen)完(wan)善(shan),實(shi)現(xian)程(cheng)序(xu)化(hua)控(kong)製(zhi)的(de)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)也(ye)已(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)可(ke)能(neng),且(qie)其(qi)控(kong)製(zhi)範(fan)圍(wei)變(bian)得(de)日(ri)益(yi)廣(guang)泛(fan),控(kong)製(zhi)功(gong)能(neng)變(bian)得(de)日(ri)益(yi)完(wan)善(shan),各(ge)種(zhong)冶(ye)金(jin)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)按(an)照(zhao)人(ren)們(men)事(shi)先(xian)約(yue)定(ding)的(de)模(mo)式(shi)執(zhi)行(xing)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)任(ren)務(wu)已(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)現(xian)實(shi)。為(wei)了(le)更(geng)準(zhun)確(que)、即(ji)時(shi)的(de)完(wan)成(cheng)各(ge)種(zhong)工(gong)作(zuo)任(ren)務(wu),各(ge)種(zhong)冶(ye)金(jin)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)通(tong)過(guo)有(you)線(xian)或(huo)無(wu)線(xian)與(yu)主(zhu)控(kong)設(she)備(bei)聯(lian)動(dong)。在(zai)主(zhu)控(kong)室(shi)控(kong)製(zhi)已(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)可(ke)能(neng),遙(yao)控(kong)冶(ye)金(jin)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)和(he)程(cheng)控(kong)冶(ye)金(jin)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)已(yi)在(zai)部(bu)分(fen)冶(ye)金(jin)企(qi)業(ye)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)。遙(yao)控(kong)冶(ye)金(jin)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)一(yi)般(ban)用(yong)在(zai)一(yi)些(xie)高(gao)粉(fen)塵(chen)、高汙染的危險作業區,如武鋼一煉鋼出渣跨、珠江鋼廠、八一鋼廠等都有遙控起重機在用。而程控冶金起重機一般用在一些作業效率較高的場合。為提高起重機的使用壽命,減小衝擊、提高操作的準確性、運行效率和改善司機的操作環境,寶鋼三期工程中的1580、幹熄焦提升機等都有一定範圍的使用,程控起重機和遙控起重機將得到一定的發展,並逐步被冶金企業所采用。
結構型式標準化、生產模式國際化我們之所以把“結構型式標準化,生產模式國際化”作為現代冶金起重機的主要發展趨勢提出,主要出於以下兩方麵的考慮:
a)市場經濟對冶金起重機的客觀要求由於經濟運行體製已由計劃轉向了市場,這樣為設備采購單位在短時間內利用招投標形式選擇質優、價低產品提供了有力和有利的條件,設備生產廠沒有結構型式的標準化和生產模式的國際化就很難達到用戶的要求;
b)信息、通信技術的發展為實現產品結構型式標準化、生sheng產chan模mo式shi國guo際ji化hua提ti供gong了le充chong分fen的de物wu質zhi和he技ji術shu支zhi持chi。實shi現xian結jie構gou型xing式shi的de標biao準zhun化hua還hai可ke以yi把ba經jing過guo實shi踐jian檢jian驗yan成cheng熟shu可ke靠kao的de結jie構gou型xing式shi應ying用yong於yu新xin的de產chan品pin中zhong,避bi免mian結jie構gou型xing式shi的de不bu合he理li產chan生sheng的de技ji術shu質zhi量liang問wen題ti,從cong而er提ti高gao產chan品pin的de質zhi量liang。
吊車型式普通化、吊具型式專用化把“吊車型式普通化、吊具型式專用化”作為現代冶金起重機的一個發展趨勢提出,主要是出於冶金企業鑄坯軋製技術的更新,即由傳統的鑄錠→脫錠→鋼錠加熱→初軋→熱軋,到現在的連鑄→連軋。配合傳統工藝時,冶金企業需要有:橋式加料起重機、料箱加料起重機、鑄造起重機、脫錠起重機、均熱爐鉗式起重機、均熱爐揭蓋起重機、板坯夾鉗起重機、剛性料耙起重機、(含磁盤)鋼卷夾鉗起重機等多種起重機來完成其工藝過程,而采用連鑄→連軋工藝時,冶金廠隻要有料箱加料、鑄造、板坯夾鉗、鋼(gang)卷(juan)夾(jia)鉗(qian)等(deng)幾(ji)種(zhong)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)即(ji)可(ke)完(wan)成(cheng)全(quan)部(bu)工(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)物(wu)料(liao)搬(ban)運(yun),使(shi)吊(diao)車(che)型(xing)式(shi)得(de)到(dao)極(ji)大(da)的(de)簡(jian)化(hua)。由(you)於(yu)冶(ye)金(jin)產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)種(zhong)需(xu)求(qiu)的(de)多(duo)樣(yang)性(xing),各(ge)種(zhong)專(zhuan)用(yong)吊(diao)具(ju)也(ye)應(ying)用(yong)而(er)生(sheng),如(ru)配(pei)合(he)精(jing)整(zheng)跨(kua)的(de)臥(wo)卷(juan)吊(diao)具(ju)、立卷吊具、自對中立卷吊具、揭蓋吊具、L型鉤鋼板吊具、C型鉤,與可人控旋轉的吊鉤配合使用,可實現多種操作功能。
典型結構和傳動型式的分析和認識2.1鑄(zhu)造(zao)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)主(zhu)起(qi)升(sheng)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)趨(qu)勢(shi)鑄(zhu)造(zao)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)主(zhu)傳(chuan)動(dong)采(cai)用(yong)星(xing)形(xing)減(jian)速(su)機(ji)應(ying)成(cheng)為(wei)現(xian)代(dai)鑄(zhu)造(zao)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi)。現(xian)在(zai)在(zai)用(yong)的(de)鑄(zhu)造(zao)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)大(da)部(bu)分(fen)是(shi)采(cai)用(yong)棘(ji)輪(lun)棘(ji)爪(zhao)傳(chuan)動(dong),之(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)棘(ji)輪(lun)棘(ji)爪(zhao)的(de)傳(chuan)動(dong)有(you)兩(liang)個(ge)原(yuan)因(yin),一(yi)是(shi)棘(ji)輪(lun)棘(ji)爪(zhao)對(dui)保(bao)證(zheng)鑄(zhu)造(zao)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)的(de)安(an)全(quan)運(yun)行(xing)確(que)有(you)其(qi)優(you)點(dian)。二(er)是(shi)星(xing)形(xing)減(jian)速(su)機(ji)最(zui)初(chu)在(zai)鑄(zhu)造(zao)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)上(shang)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)連(lian)續(xu)出(chu)過(guo)幾(ji)次(ci)問(wen)題(ti),冶(ye)金(jin)部(bu)專(zhuan)門(men)下(xia)文(wen)對(dui)星(xing)形(xing)傳(chuan)動(dong)予(yu)以(yi)停(ting)用(yong)。經(jing)過(guo)幾(ji)十(shi)年(nian)的(de)反(fan)思(si),以(yi)及(ji)星(xing)形(xing)減(jian)速(su)機(ji)在(zai)進(jin)口(kou)鑄(zhu)造(zao)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)上(shang)使(shi)用(yong)驗(yan)證(zheng)的(de)良(liang)好(hao)業(ye)績(ji)和(he)控(kong)製(zhi)監(jian)測(ce)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。我(wo)們(men)認(ren)為(wei)星(xing)形(xing)傳(chuan)動(dong)在(zai)鑄(zhu)造(zao)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)上(shang)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)將(jiang)逐(zhu)步(bu)擴(kuo)大(da),原(yuan)因(yin)有(you)二(er),其(qi)一(yi)星(xing)形(xing)傳(chuan)動(dong)基(ji)本(ben)具(ju)備(bei)原(yuan)棘(ji)輪(lun)棘(ji)爪(zhao)傳(chuan)動(dong)的(de)優(you)點(dian),還(hai)可(ke)實(shi)現(xian)單(dan)電(dian)機(ji)長(chang)時(shi)間(jian)連(lian)續(xu)安(an)全(quan)運(yun)行(xing);其(qi)二(er)對(dui)以(yi)前(qian)星(xing)形(xing)傳(chuan)動(dong)造(zao)成(cheng)事(shi)故(gu)的(de)原(yuan)因(yin)的(de)認(ren)識(shi)逐(zhu)步(bu)趨(qu)於(yu)一(yi)致(zhi),即(ji)結(jie)構(gou)性(xing)問(wen)題(ti)而(er)非(fei)原(yuan)理(li)性(xing)問(wen)題(ti),隻(zhi)要(yao)通(tong)過(guo)改(gai)進(jin)和(he)完(wan)善(shan)設(she)計(ji)就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)避(bi)免(mian),加(jia)之(zhi)電(dian)氣(qi)控(kong)製(zhi)監(jian)測(ce)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)進(jin)步(bu),星(xing)形(xing)傳(chuan)動(dong)的(de)安(an)全(quan)運(yun)行(xing)已(yi)經(jing)可(ke)以(yi)得(de)到(dao)有(you)效(xiao)的(de)保(bao)證(zheng)。
板坯夾鉗起重機的夾鉗裝置重力夾鉗、電動開閉的重力夾鉗、動dong力li夾jia鉗qian三san種zhong夾jia鉗qian裝zhuang置zhi中zhong,動dong力li夾jia鉗qian因yin其qi成cheng本ben較jiao高gao,擴kuo大da推tui廣guang受shou到dao一yi定ding的de影ying響xiang,但dan由you於yu其qi優you越yue的de工gong作zuo性xing能neng,特te別bie是shi鉗qian口kou可ke實shi現xian準zhun確que的de三san維wei跟gen蹤zong、可靠夾起梯形坯、jiaogaodegongzuoxiaolvhebusunshiqishenggaodu,weishixianyejinqiyedezidonghuajuyouwukebinideyoudian。yinerwomenrenweidonglishibanpijiaqianqizhongjizaixiandaiyejinqizhongjifazhanshangjiangzhanyuelaiyuezhongyaodezuoyong。
橋架、小車架整體加工:橋架、xiaochejiabaokuoyixiedaxingjiegoujianzhengtijiagongshibaozhengyejinqizhongjichanpinzhiliangdeyixiangzhongyaocuoshiheyouxiaotujing。youyuyejinqizhongjigongzuodeteshuxing,duizhiliangtichulejiaogaodeyaoqiu,xiaochejiazhengtijiagongzhihanzaixiaochejiashangdediandongjidi<
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